Saturday, January 16, 2016
Starting Monday, we will go through a series of discussion sessions in class on how to develop evaluative skills for essays.
It seems that the interdisciplinary project work supposed to be done in teams did not seem to be working that well. There are a number of freeloaders seen in the class. A few students were seen to be playing games.
Because of this we will change the way in which the lesson are done.
Please go through the blog on the different topics that you are supposed to do.
Then work in the PEEL which we had done last term.
We will review PEEL and then we will see some samples of how evaluation looks like in essays.
Good luck and keep on reading and trying.
Wednesday, January 13, 2016
Games Essay
The following essays will provide you and your team with many ideas on the different facets of games. Read the following essays carefully and suggest to your team mates on how the essay can be improved to meet the CIE AS Level requirements for General Paper 8001.
At the same time, improve on the mind-map that you and your teammates are working on.
Please provide your frank feedback on how this blog can help to serve learning needs better. If there is any objectionable materials, please inform me soonest possible so that I can take the necessary action/s.
This blog is under "Work in Progress" status.
The Very Best of Luck!
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At the same time, improve on the mind-map that you and your teammates are working on.
This blog is under "Work in Progress" status.
The Very Best of Luck!
-----------------------------------------------
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This page analyzes essays on games including computer games and video games and also notes how you can make good use of the question to plan and organize your essay.
Nowadays many people have access to computers on a wide basis and a large number of children play computer games.
What are the positive and negative impacts of playing computer games and what can be done to minimize the bad effects?
Remember to always analyze the question carefully. The topic should be fairly clear:
Computer games
Remember to also look carefully to see if the topic is being narrowed down to a particular aspect of the topic. In this case it is:
Children
Now you need to check what the task is. How many things do you have to write about?
Hopefully you realized there are three things that you can easily turn into brainstorming questions:
- What are the positive impacts of computer games on children?
- What are the negative impacts of computer games on children?
- How can the negative impacts be minimized?
Your answers to these questions will form your computer games essay.
You do not have much time and you have three things to answer, so one or two ideas for each is enough, as remember you will need to explain your ideas and give examples.
Now, take a look at the following answer.
Access to computers has increased significantly over recent decades, and the number of children playing games on computers has increased too. This essay will consider the positive and negative impacts of this and discuss ways to mitigate against the potential negative effects.
With regards to the positive effects, playing computers games can develop children’s cognitive skills. Many popular games require abstract and high level thinking skills in order to win, skills that may not be taught at school. For example, children need to follow instructions, solve complex problems and use logic in many of the games that are currently popular. Such experience will be beneficial to a child’s progression into an adult.
However, concerns have been raised about the prolific use of computer games by children, much of this related to the violence they contain. The problem is that in many of the games children are rewarded for being more violent, and this violence is repeated again and again. For instance, many games involve children helping their character to kill, kick, stab and shoot. This may lead to increased aggressive feelings, thoughts, and behaviours.
In order to minimize these negative impacts, parents need to take certain steps. Firstly, some video games are rated according their content, so parents must check this and ensure their children are not allowed to have access to games that are unsuitable. Parents can also set limits on the length of time games are played. Finally, parents should also take an active interest in the games their children are playing so they can find out how they feel about what they are observing.
To sum up, there are benefits of computer games, but there are disadvantages too. However, if parents take adequate precautions, the severity of these negative impacts can be avoided.
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Some people regard video games as harmless fun, or even as a useful educational tool. Others, however, believe that videos games are having an adverse effect on the people who play them. In your opinion, do the drawbacks of video games outweigh the benefits?
Many people, and children in particular, enjoy playing computer games. While I accept that these games can sometimes have a positive effect on the user, I believe that they are more likely to have a harmful impact.
On the one hand, video games can be both entertaining and educational. Users, or gamers, are transported into virtual worlds which are often more exciting and engaging than real-life pastimes. From an educational perspective, these games encourage imagination and creativity, as well as concentration, logical thinking and problem solving, all of which are useful skills outside the gaming context. Furthermore, it has been shown that computer simulation games can improve users’ motor skills and help to prepare them for real-world tasks, such as flying a plane.
However, I would argue that these benefits are outweighed by the drawbacks. Gaming can be highly addictive because users are constantly given scores, new targets and frequent rewards to keep them playing. Many children now spend hours each day trying to progress through the levels of a game or to get a higher score than their friends. This type of addiction can have effects ranging from lack of sleep to problems at school, when homework is sacrificed for a few more hours on the computer or console. The rise in obesity in recent years has also been linked in part to the sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise that often accompany gaming addiction.
In conclusion, it seems to me that the potential dangers of video games are more significant than the possible benefits.
Comments
From my point of view, this is just a devastatingly powerful essay. ! First of all, I would say that it is straightforward to follow. Secondly, a wide range of vocabulary is used:
- to be transported into virtual words;
- real-life pastimes;
- encourage imagination and creativity;
- outside the gaming context;
- computer simulation games;
- to sacrifice for a few more hours on the computer;
- to be linked in part to the sedentary lifestyle;
- accompany gaming addiction;
- potential dangers...
- to be transported into virtual words;
- real-life pastimes;
- encourage imagination and creativity;
- outside the gaming context;
- computer simulation games;
- to sacrifice for a few more hours on the computer;
- to be linked in part to the sedentary lifestyle;
- accompany gaming addiction;
- potential dangers...
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Playing games are considered an instrument of sound mental and physical health. The trend of indoor games such as video games are proliferating and gaining fame among all age groups – from adolescents to adults. However, the impact of this trend has come under scrutiny and has been a concern for many. The protagonists of such games cite that video games are effective educational tool, whereas dissenters void that claim by counting numerous demerits of such games. I too believe that video games are lethal trend and have negative repercussions. Some of the disadvantages will be outlined in following paragraphs.
Firstly, while laying the video games, players develop the sedentary position which is harmful to them ergonomically. Additionally, incessant exposure to game monitors could be detrimental to their vision. Other than physical impact, video games also impact emotional and social behavior negatively, especially to children and adolescents. It can be noticed that the theme of most of the video games is prominently based on violent battle, massacre or destroying animal and mankind. Overindulgence to such games make young mind of children susceptible to emotional indifference. They could like to emulate he destroyers and warriors regarding them as role models.
In contrast, enthusiasts enumerate some credits to the account of video games. They believe that playing such games helps to improve your command on the technical gadgets. It is observed that good players are cognizant of the know-hows of computers and can monitor the game efficiently. Being good at video games are demand of new age generation. Many children complain that are marginalized in the school if they are not up-to-date with the video games, which leads to embarrassment for them.
To conclude, I would like to reiterate that video games have far more disastrous impacts that outweigh its positivity. In order to control this destructive trend, parents, teachers, law makers and each individual will have to contribute to instigate awareness that video games should be controlled or terminated.
____________________________________________________________
In modern world, computers and electronics entertainment devices have become all pervasive in our society. Video game, one aspect of electronics entertainment, has triggered many debates about its positive and negative impact on health and psychology. Several studies have been done and researchers have divided opinion on effect of video games on player's health and mentality. In my opinion, benefits of video games outshine the drawbacks if few cautions are taken by players in selecting the type of games.
Among the bad effects of video games, its impact on health is most debated. Studies suggest that youngsters are spending more time at home than playing outside, which clearly has effect on growth and development. But with the development of newer technologies, newer forms of games are available in market, which encourage people participate actively and physically in the play. Sony Corporation, for example, has a virtual tennis game where user needs to play with computer holding a sensor in his hand which works has tennis racket. This gives the user a virtual experience of a real game. And also helps to improve mind and body co-ordination by letting the user flex his responses. Therefore, choice of video game and the device make a lot of difference.
Another important positive effect of video game is on brain development and problem solving skills. Online Puzzles and number games are increasingly being used by schools to improve thinking capacity of pupil. Similarly, corporate have training programs designed in form of computer games. This helps to make sure that trainees focus and interest are maintained and maximum knowledge is passed in a fun filled way.
Therefore, video games have higher degree of positive effect on human than their negative effect and can be used as a tool for learning and development. But, like any other tool caution needs to be taken in selection and usage.
_______________________________________________________
In the era of modernization, video games have been an obsession regardless gender and age. With the aid of latest technology, the young learns to play games as early as one year old following their parents’ steps. Research shows that exposing gadgets to toddlers can cause negative effects towards their growth. Thus, making me realize how harmful video games can be if we fail to use it in proper manner.
Video games cause addiction and this can lead to many problems such as responsibility issues. Teenagers, usually have a hard time in delivering their everyday chores once they are stuck in front of the screen. It creates disciplinary problems as they fail to restrain themselves from spending too much time in front of the computer. They began to neglect their homework and assignments which not only put themselves in jeopardy, but also their team mates if the task required teamwork.
Furthermore, the vulgarity of certain video games has been proven to be the reason of aggressiveness inside a person. They easily get influenced by the video games as they are cut out from the outer world. The vulnerable group - the young adults, is the most risky group as they are still in their development phase. There are tendency for them to imitate the improper actions depicted in the video games in their daily life.
Besides, health problems are increasing since video games are being introduced. Disease associates with bones and body posture seem to have the most drastic changes as people are healthier in the last 10 years. Not to mention, most people need to wear spectacles nowadays to help in their vision. I believe, that these have got to do with the ridiculous amount of time spent looking at those interactive images.
Coming for self defence: the self-claimed gamer once said that they manage to improve their English by playing more and more video games. Well, this is partly true as they may learn new vocabulary in a fun way compared to stuck-up their nose in a dictionary. Nevertheless, it only restricts in vocabulary wise, not in grammar as most of the games use simple everyday English rather than Queen’s English.
________________________________________________________
In information technology age, people are engaged with computer programs; one of the most popular computer programs is video games. Although having some negative effect, video games can teach some useful skills. This essay outlines both positive and negative effect of video games.
Video games are made in different genre including horror, sport, adventure etc. Some of these games are useful and educational. Players of these games need basic information and skills to complete them. For instance, a plane simulation game needs player to know primary pilot skills; so player has to gather some information about pilot skills such as taking off, landing, navigation, and etc. Gradually, player feels some skills in him. Furthermore, the puzzle games make player challenging with secret points of games story. Recent mentioned games type increases players’ creativity. In a nutshell, video games can be useful and educational.
On the other hand, some games are not beneficial. The horror game is a good example. They make a bad effect on players’ morality. In addition, playing video games usually is addictive. Video game players, play more and more heedless of time. This may cause overweight. Latterly, the main factors of most of the video games are sex and violence. These factors navigate the society to dark way. Thus, video games have undesirable aspects.
To sum up, video games have both good and bad impacts. Choosing the right game is the first step to use them rightly. How to play and how much to play are latter steps. It depends to player how to act wisely.
_____________________________________________________
Nowadays, it is an important question whether we should let our young children play computer games or the games should be banned. While some people think it is fine for their children to play, others believe it is unacceptable. As far as I am concerned, the disadvantages of video games outweigh the advantages.
First of all, the possible benefits of computer games should be mentioned. There are a wide range of games created for educational purposes, especially for the very young children. This allows kids to learn how to use modern computers as well as some new information from the educational game. Additionally, for youngsters, games can keep them from bad companies. They can simply sit home communicating with their friends and having fun instead.
However, the number of drawbacks also takes place. Modern games are expensive and usually involve further purchases while the game is being played. Another aspect is the amount of time children spend on computer games. Instead of education and learning, kids waste hours online even without breaks, thereby influencing the condition of their health. The most considerable disadvantage in video games is cruelty. Although there are age limits, parents still buy such games for their infants. As we know, there have been a few cases when children took guns and shoot innocent people on the street. The computer games have the negative effects on health and psychology as well. Young students who are addicted to games often perform poorly on academic studies.
To sum up, although there are fun and educational games, the most of modern video games are violent and cruel, and this may have dreadful consequences. Therefore, I believe there are more drawbacks than benefits.
____________________________________________________
Firstly, while laying the video games, players develop the sedentary position which is harmful to them ergonomically. Additionally, incessant exposure to game monitors could be detrimental to their vision. Other than physical impact, video games also impact emotional and social behavior negatively, especially to children and adolescents. It can be noticed that the theme of most of the video games is prominently based on violent battle, massacre or destroying animal and mankind. Overindulgence to such games make young mind of children susceptible to emotional indifference. They could like to emulate he destroyers and warriors regarding them as role models.
In contrast, enthusiasts enumerate some credits to the account of video games. They believe that playing such games helps to improve your command on the technical gadgets. It is observed that good players are cognizant of the know-hows of computers and can monitor the game efficiently. Being good at video games are demand of new age generation. Many children complain that are marginalized in the school if they are not up-to-date with the video games, which leads to embarrassment for them.
To conclude, I would like to reiterate that video games have far more disastrous impacts that outweigh its positivity. In order to control this destructive trend, parents, teachers, law makers and each individual will have to contribute to instigate awareness that video games should be controlled or terminated.
____________________________________________________________
In modern world, computers and electronics entertainment devices have become all pervasive in our society. Video game, one aspect of electronics entertainment, has triggered many debates about its positive and negative impact on health and psychology. Several studies have been done and researchers have divided opinion on effect of video games on player's health and mentality. In my opinion, benefits of video games outshine the drawbacks if few cautions are taken by players in selecting the type of games.
Among the bad effects of video games, its impact on health is most debated. Studies suggest that youngsters are spending more time at home than playing outside, which clearly has effect on growth and development. But with the development of newer technologies, newer forms of games are available in market, which encourage people participate actively and physically in the play. Sony Corporation, for example, has a virtual tennis game where user needs to play with computer holding a sensor in his hand which works has tennis racket. This gives the user a virtual experience of a real game. And also helps to improve mind and body co-ordination by letting the user flex his responses. Therefore, choice of video game and the device make a lot of difference.
Another important positive effect of video game is on brain development and problem solving skills. Online Puzzles and number games are increasingly being used by schools to improve thinking capacity of pupil. Similarly, corporate have training programs designed in form of computer games. This helps to make sure that trainees focus and interest are maintained and maximum knowledge is passed in a fun filled way.
Therefore, video games have higher degree of positive effect on human than their negative effect and can be used as a tool for learning and development. But, like any other tool caution needs to be taken in selection and usage.
_______________________________________________________
In the era of modernization, video games have been an obsession regardless gender and age. With the aid of latest technology, the young learns to play games as early as one year old following their parents’ steps. Research shows that exposing gadgets to toddlers can cause negative effects towards their growth. Thus, making me realize how harmful video games can be if we fail to use it in proper manner.
Video games cause addiction and this can lead to many problems such as responsibility issues. Teenagers, usually have a hard time in delivering their everyday chores once they are stuck in front of the screen. It creates disciplinary problems as they fail to restrain themselves from spending too much time in front of the computer. They began to neglect their homework and assignments which not only put themselves in jeopardy, but also their team mates if the task required teamwork.
Furthermore, the vulgarity of certain video games has been proven to be the reason of aggressiveness inside a person. They easily get influenced by the video games as they are cut out from the outer world. The vulnerable group - the young adults, is the most risky group as they are still in their development phase. There are tendency for them to imitate the improper actions depicted in the video games in their daily life.
Besides, health problems are increasing since video games are being introduced. Disease associates with bones and body posture seem to have the most drastic changes as people are healthier in the last 10 years. Not to mention, most people need to wear spectacles nowadays to help in their vision. I believe, that these have got to do with the ridiculous amount of time spent looking at those interactive images.
Coming for self defence: the self-claimed gamer once said that they manage to improve their English by playing more and more video games. Well, this is partly true as they may learn new vocabulary in a fun way compared to stuck-up their nose in a dictionary. Nevertheless, it only restricts in vocabulary wise, not in grammar as most of the games use simple everyday English rather than Queen’s English.
________________________________________________________
In information technology age, people are engaged with computer programs; one of the most popular computer programs is video games. Although having some negative effect, video games can teach some useful skills. This essay outlines both positive and negative effect of video games.
Video games are made in different genre including horror, sport, adventure etc. Some of these games are useful and educational. Players of these games need basic information and skills to complete them. For instance, a plane simulation game needs player to know primary pilot skills; so player has to gather some information about pilot skills such as taking off, landing, navigation, and etc. Gradually, player feels some skills in him. Furthermore, the puzzle games make player challenging with secret points of games story. Recent mentioned games type increases players’ creativity. In a nutshell, video games can be useful and educational.
On the other hand, some games are not beneficial. The horror game is a good example. They make a bad effect on players’ morality. In addition, playing video games usually is addictive. Video game players, play more and more heedless of time. This may cause overweight. Latterly, the main factors of most of the video games are sex and violence. These factors navigate the society to dark way. Thus, video games have undesirable aspects.
To sum up, video games have both good and bad impacts. Choosing the right game is the first step to use them rightly. How to play and how much to play are latter steps. It depends to player how to act wisely.
_____________________________________________________
Nowadays, it is an important question whether we should let our young children play computer games or the games should be banned. While some people think it is fine for their children to play, others believe it is unacceptable. As far as I am concerned, the disadvantages of video games outweigh the advantages.
First of all, the possible benefits of computer games should be mentioned. There are a wide range of games created for educational purposes, especially for the very young children. This allows kids to learn how to use modern computers as well as some new information from the educational game. Additionally, for youngsters, games can keep them from bad companies. They can simply sit home communicating with their friends and having fun instead.
However, the number of drawbacks also takes place. Modern games are expensive and usually involve further purchases while the game is being played. Another aspect is the amount of time children spend on computer games. Instead of education and learning, kids waste hours online even without breaks, thereby influencing the condition of their health. The most considerable disadvantage in video games is cruelty. Although there are age limits, parents still buy such games for their infants. As we know, there have been a few cases when children took guns and shoot innocent people on the street. The computer games have the negative effects on health and psychology as well. Young students who are addicted to games often perform poorly on academic studies.
To sum up, although there are fun and educational games, the most of modern video games are violent and cruel, and this may have dreadful consequences. Therefore, I believe there are more drawbacks than benefits.
____________________________________________________
Nowadays, most people of all age groups, especially young adults, are drawn to video games with the high technology developing year after year. Video game devices such as Play Station Four and Nintendo Wii are popular examples of high tech devices. Although playing video games can be quite fun, it can also affect the player negatively. I believe that video games withhold cons more than pros.
One of its adverse effects is that it is a waste of time. Playing video games is not much of a problem when limits are present, but most individuals exceed this limit. Some people put down a two hour time limit for play but sadly end up playing for more hours and are not aware of time. Rather than spending ones time on such games, it is more beneficial to the individual to take the time to read books or even spend time on a favourite hobby, for instance, that will most probably lead it to evolve along the years.
Another reason to support my opinion is that it lessens the human to human contact. Due to the hours taken on video games, the person will not have a normal social life where people speak face to face. A young adult playing, choosing to turn down going to the mall with friends where they will socialise, can be taken as an example. Modern games have many violent and devastating plots and game actions that can psychologically affect the players. The gamers suffer from various health problems and often are less social.
To sum it up, the positive side to video games is much more less when comparing to the negative sides. Video gaming should be limited between certain hours and the rest of the time wasted should be replaced by socialising and activities that will benefit one’s future.
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Many people will be hard pressed to name one invention that has made a greater impact on young people's lives than video games. At this day and age, almost all children grow up being exposed to video games, and consequently spent a large amount of time playing them. Thus it is important to ask whether video games have any detrimental effect on children and our society as a whole.
Firstly, video games provide a lot of happiness to a great portion of the population. Because there exists a great variety of games of different genres for kids and even adults of every age, most people will surely be able to find a game that interests them. As a result they will derive pleasure from playing their game of choice and lead happier lives. Even more, playing video games can at times also be a social activity, where gamers meet up with their friends to play their favourite video game together.
However, this at first innocent pleasure can quickly turn into addiction. Seeing that many people suffer from depression and are dissatisfied with their life, it is easy to see how these people can become engrossed in video games. Often they provide the player with a fake sense of achievement, making them forget about their responsibilities in the so-called "real life". The game "Word of Warcraft" is especially known for this, exploiting vulnerabilities in people in order to make a quick buck.
Unfortunately the disadvantages do not stop there: A great number of video games rely on violence in their story telling, which desentises the gamer towards violent acts such as physical force or even murder. While many people argue that adults are able to differentiate between the fantasy in video games and reality, nobody denies that children lack this ability. Although many countries have implemented policies to prevent young people from playing violent video games, these measures are very often not effective enough, and young children end up consuming and playing violent games.
In conclusion, video games certainly do have positive effects. However it is my opinion that the drawbacks outweigh the advantages by far. This is why we as a society need to control the influence of video games, particularly when children are concerned. We often forget that a young mind is very susceptible to its environment, and that is why we should do our utmost to protect it.
Firstly, video games provide a lot of happiness to a great portion of the population. Because there exists a great variety of games of different genres for kids and even adults of every age, most people will surely be able to find a game that interests them. As a result they will derive pleasure from playing their game of choice and lead happier lives. Even more, playing video games can at times also be a social activity, where gamers meet up with their friends to play their favourite video game together.
However, this at first innocent pleasure can quickly turn into addiction. Seeing that many people suffer from depression and are dissatisfied with their life, it is easy to see how these people can become engrossed in video games. Often they provide the player with a fake sense of achievement, making them forget about their responsibilities in the so-called "real life". The game "Word of Warcraft" is especially known for this, exploiting vulnerabilities in people in order to make a quick buck.
Unfortunately the disadvantages do not stop there: A great number of video games rely on violence in their story telling, which desentises the gamer towards violent acts such as physical force or even murder. While many people argue that adults are able to differentiate between the fantasy in video games and reality, nobody denies that children lack this ability. Although many countries have implemented policies to prevent young people from playing violent video games, these measures are very often not effective enough, and young children end up consuming and playing violent games.
In conclusion, video games certainly do have positive effects. However it is my opinion that the drawbacks outweigh the advantages by far. This is why we as a society need to control the influence of video games, particularly when children are concerned. We often forget that a young mind is very susceptible to its environment, and that is why we should do our utmost to protect it.
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In present era, advancement in technology had made a significant change on each and every person in the world. New innovation like video games which are used to have fun and useful tools in education learning for children but some people argue that video games have some negative development on children. I am going to discuss this topic.
Firstly, new innovated video games are much helpful for children, to spend their free time at home without disturbing others. Some videogame are played in group also which create challenging environment for children and they learn how to win the game and be successful. From an educational perspective, these games encourage imagination and creativity, as well as concentration, logical thinking and problem solving, all of which are useful skills outside the gaming context. Furthermore, it has been shown that computer simulation games can improve users’ motor skills and help to prepare them for real-world tasks, such as flying a plane.
On the other hand, there are some drawbacks of games. Children becoming less active in terms of physical activity and more addictive of videogames because users are constantly given scores, new targets and frequent rewards to keep them engaged. They are spending most of their times in playing games so it may affect their education as well their eyes and on health also. In the past, when video games were not present, at that time most of children used to play outdoor games with their friends which seems disappearing now a days. Children are becoming more and more technology addictive than past which is most concerning question for guardian.
In conclusion, I can say that there are more drawbacks of video games on children then its positive benefit.
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The issue whether the video games are in its usefulness or in harmfulness for people, is very controversial one. On the one hand the most of the gamers I know, are very clever persons. On the other hand, there are those who think that person who is sitting in front of computer all day long cannot be educated person. However, in my point of view, I think that any kind of game can be useful. In the following paragraphs I will try to bring up some advantages and disadvantages of the issue.
There are few main arguments that can be advanced to support the issue about computer games as a fun or educational tool. First of all, the computer games help to cure some mental problems and educate at the same time. For example, some problems with eyes, nerves etc. In that kind of games person has to count and follow the birds and at the same time listen music. The second reason, games help people to think logically. In the early age they develop a child’s thinking, concentration, motivation, why not help with reading etc. For example, in some games you have to pick up keys and remember some words for opening doors or codes.
On the other side, it is not a secret that nowadays with developing of computer and different kinds of games, people spend much time in front of computer, which brings to our isolation from the world. Furthermore, people spend so much time for playing games that forget about other more important things, as a face to face contact, walking, playing real games not virtual.
In conclusion, in my opinion, every person has to have measure of time and not to spend all time to doing the same thing.
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Videogames are widely played throughout the world. Many consider this video game as a form of having fun and not only harmless, but also educationally beneficial. Others believe that the disturbing content of such games can influence one’s mind negatively. However, the demerits of video games, if any, that the critics put forth seem trivial when compared to its beneficial ramifications. To prove this, both the views will be critiqued.
First, it is a well-known fact that video games can be educational. For instance, based on a few research works published in the Journal of American Behavioral Psychology, it is proven through various experiments that young people can hone their intelligence and knowledge by playing strategy games. This proves that video games do have the potential to flourish young minds, when regularly engaged in such activities.
As far as the other view is concerned, there is little evidence to prove that video games can instigate violence among people. A research work recently published in the same journal mentioned above, illustrated this in action. According to this work, ‘violent’ people who play video games are naturally inclined towards games that contain violent content and imagery etc., however, their behavioral issues could not be linked to the content of those video games they were exposed to; rather, it was found to be just a matter of preference.
Having analyzed both these arguments, it has been proved that video games can be beneficial as they can increase general knowledge and intelligence, and the fact that the absurd themes of such games are very unlikely to instill violence. It is expected that video games’ popularity will continue to rise among young people in particular, and will continue to benefit them in although not so obvious ways.
First, it is a well-known fact that video games can be educational. For instance, based on a few research works published in the Journal of American Behavioral Psychology, it is proven through various experiments that young people can hone their intelligence and knowledge by playing strategy games. This proves that video games do have the potential to flourish young minds, when regularly engaged in such activities.
As far as the other view is concerned, there is little evidence to prove that video games can instigate violence among people. A research work recently published in the same journal mentioned above, illustrated this in action. According to this work, ‘violent’ people who play video games are naturally inclined towards games that contain violent content and imagery etc., however, their behavioral issues could not be linked to the content of those video games they were exposed to; rather, it was found to be just a matter of preference.
Having analyzed both these arguments, it has been proved that video games can be beneficial as they can increase general knowledge and intelligence, and the fact that the absurd themes of such games are very unlikely to instill violence. It is expected that video games’ popularity will continue to rise among young people in particular, and will continue to benefit them in although not so obvious ways.
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Nowadays, people are spending most of their time on computers, mobile phones and internet. They mostly play video games and watch movie on their devices. So, increasing use of mobile phones and compute for playing video games is a common trend nowadays. Some people believe that playing video games have harmful effects on people, and others believe that it is useful tool for them. In this essay, I would like to give my reason for both the aspects and at last in conclusion I will give my opinion.
Firstly, people spend their time on computers and mobile phone for playing video games as a form of entertainment to out from stress and daily busy life. There are many kinds of video games available on internet. For example, some video games require good level of knowledge to solve problems and puzzles and this is helpful to develop logical reasoning. In some video games we need to apply our intelligence and do brainstorm so that we can sharpen our capability to solve difficult problem. This logic can be applied to our study, in order to solve mathematical problem. So, for this reason I would like to consider that playing video games, which are carefully chosen, is useful and harmless tool for people.
On other hand, there are also some disadvantages in playing video games. Some video games require fighting and violent activities to win the game. So, continuous playing of these kinds of games, can take individuals to lead the criminal activity. It may a cause serious problem to society. Even, there are also some kind of video games are available on internet which may not required additional knowledge and logic to solve it and they are simply designed to kill time. These kinds of games consume the time of people and make them more tired and lazy about their works and study.
So, putting in nutshell, I would like to say it is depends on individuals whether video games are used to learn or to kill time. As of knowing advantages and disadvantages of video games, it is an individual’s own responsibilities to control themselves before wasting their valuable time.
Health and Well-Being Essays
The following essays will provide you and your team with many ideas on the different facets of health and well-being. Read the following essays carefully and suggest to your team mates on how the essay can be improved to meet the CIE AS Level requirements for General Paper 8001.
At the same time, improve on the mind-map that you and your teammates are working on.
Please provide your frank feedback on how this blog can help to serve learning needs better. If there is any objectionable materials, please inform me soonest possible so that I can take the necessary action/s.
This blog is under "Work in Progress" status.
The Very Best of Luck!
------------------------------------------------
At the same time, improve on the mind-map that you and your teammates are working on.
This blog is under "Work in Progress" status.
The Very Best of Luck!
------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------
Consider the view that the key to good health is not medicine, but lifestyle
"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely an absence of disease or infirmity." - World Health Organization.
This definition of health in its broadest sense implies that curing of physical diseases and abnormalities alone cannot earn us a good health. Can medicines go beyond curing diseases, to improve our health on the mental and social grounds? The medicines for the mental diseases, like depression, might improve our mental and social health to some extent; however, good health in its broadest sense can only be achieved through improved lifestyle.
Lifestyle constitutes of our way of living in aggregate; the way we eat, sleep, and perform our daily duties. It also comprises of the more abstract and complex behaviours like our thinking patterns, beliefs, manners, social interaction, and so on. Thus, lifestyle comprises our culture, which we can improve to achieve a sound health. For example, rather than relying upon medicine after catching a disease, we can prevent most of the diseases through balanced diet, regular exercise and proper rest. Similarly, we can improve our social and mental life by maintaining a healthy social relationship with everyone. Therefore, lifestyle change can provide us a sound physical, mental and social health.
Many people have some kind of addiction such as smoking, drinking alcohol and using drugs. Cigarettes, tobaccos, alcohols and drugs are harmful for the health of people. They affect the body organs of the people like lungs, liver, kidneys and so on. All these harmful effects cannot be stopped by using medicine. The only way to get rid of these harmful effects is to change owns’ lifestyle and stop using these substances.
One of the serious health problems in richer nations is obesity which is the result of intake of excessive calories of food. Obesity with the passage of time leads to serious health problems like high blood pressure, diabetes, asthma, heart problems and so on. These problems have no permanent medical treatment. The only way that can help these people achieve a sound health is through exercise and cutting back on food consumption. Therefore, lifestyle plays a more important role in maintaining the good health of a person.
On the contrary to the rich countries, people in poor nations are underfed. Moreover, they do not have a fixed schedule to eat because of poverty. They eat whenever they get food, and when they do not get food, they are bound to stay hungry. As a result of the uncertainty of food intake, they suffer from various gastrointestinal diseases like gastritis. Similarly, their growth and other normal functioning of body are hindered, thus causing various physical abnormalities. Solving these types of health problems is beyond the use of medicines. The only solution is to provide them with proper and timely nutrition and bring change in their lifestyle.
The mental health and social health are closely related. The social life of a person has its impact upon the mental health and the mental health has its influence upon the social health. For example, a person who gets negative criticisms only from his friends and relatives is at a risk of developing mental abnormalities like depression. And a depressed person is likely to have a bad relation with his peers and social circles. Now, although medicines have been developed for curing mental problems such as depression, their use cannot improve the lives of people on social ground. However, improved lifestyle can ensure sound mental and social health at the same time. This is true because, a person with good lifestyle is likely to have good friends, than a person who is uncivilized.
However, there are circumstances when medicines can be used for both prevention and cure of the health problems. For example, the use of polio or tuberculosis vaccines in a newly born child is one example of preventive function of medicine. There are many circumstances when the common health problems are treated through allopathic treatment. However, the worth noting thing is that these medicines aren’t perfect and moreover, requires a supportive immune system to cure the patients. The patients who have very weak immune system face the danger of not being cured. Therefore, a reliable solution is to adopt a healthy lifestyle.
In conclusion, achieving a good health is not a function of single factor but a combination of many different variables. While medicine can be one important factor, lifestyle clearly can play a better role in providing a sound health to people on all three grounds: physical, mental, and social. Also, since the lifestyle solves the health problems from grassroots level, the solution are more long lasting than that of medicines. Therefore, it has rightly been said that the key to good health is not medicine, but lifestyle.
_______________________________________Oct/Nov 2014, Paper 12
6 To what extent is health and well-being the responsibility of the individual?
Keywords: ‘To what extent’ and ‘health’ and ‘well-being’ and ‘responsibility’ and ‘the individual’.
• Responsibility for diet – balanced
• Exercise routine
• Learn about health issues from leaflets/internet
• Visit doctor/hospital when necessary
• Travel insurance/immunisation
• Parents responsible for children’s health
• State/community care
• Keep public well informed of health issues
• Immunisation programme for everyone
• Medical access for all/warnings about drug use/alcohol/dangers of smoking
• What about the poor/vulnerable/those with mental health problems
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This model diet and health essay examines the extent to which individuals or governments should be responsible for health
This essay asks you to examine both sides of an issue and to give your opinion.
This means that you must look at both the arguments that are presented.
In this case, these are:
1. It is the responsibility of individuals to take care of their own health and diet.2. Governments should make sure that their citizens have a healthy diet.
You must of course also give your opinion.
Some people believe that it is the responsibility of individuals to take care of their own health and diet. Others however believe that governments should make sure that their citizens have a healthy diet.Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.
An increasing concern for many governments around the world is the declining health of their citizens due to a poor diet. While some people believe governments should be responsible for improving the health of their nation, others believe it is up to the individual. This essay will examine both sides of the argument. There is no doubt that individuals must take some responsibility for their diet and health. The argument to support this is the fact that adults have free will and make their own choices about what they eat and the exercise that they do. Children are also becoming less healthy. However, their parents are the ones who provide their evening meals so it is their responsibility to ensure these meals are nutritious and encourage them to avoid junk food and sugary snacks during the day.
Despite these arguments, there is also a case for advocating the intervention of the state. People these days often have little choice but to depend on fast food or ready meals that are high in sugar, salt and fat due to the pressures of work. Governments could regulate the ingredients of such food. Some governments also spend huge amounts of tax money on treating health problems of their citizens in hospitals. It would be logical to spend this on preventative measures such as campaigns to encourage exercise and a good diet.
Having considered both sides of the issue, I would argue that although individuals must take ultimate responsibility for what they eat, governments also have a role to play as only they can regulate the food supply, which openly encourages a poor diet. It is only through this combination that we can improve people’s health.
Comments
The diet and health essay has a number of good points.
The introduction clearly introduces the topic and sets out both sides of the issue. There is then a clear thesis statement to explain what the essay will do:
This essay will examine both sides of the argument.
Coherence and cohesion are evident from the topic sentences which make the subject of each paragraph very clear:
Transitional phrases and words also guide the reader through the essay. For example:There is no doubt that individuals must take some responsibility for their diet and health.Despite these arguments, there is also a case for advocating the intervention of the state.
The argument to support this is...Children are also becoming less healthy.However, their parents...Despite these arguments, there is also...Some governments also spend...Having considered both sides of the issue,
The conclusion summarises the writers opinion very clearly. It is always important to make it very clear what your opinion is if it is an opinion essay (you could put your opinion in the introduction too if you wish).
The grammar and vocabulary are appropriate, with a mix of complex sentences and topic related vocabulary.
The content of the essay is also appropriate. It clearly addresses both opinions and provides a number of points to support each argument. The ideas are clearly explained and will not cause any misunderstanding for someone reading the essay.
Recent research shows that the consumption of junk food is a major factor in poor diet and this is detrimental to health. Some people believe that better health education is the answer to this problem but others disagree. What is your opinion?
A serious concern nowadays is how our eating habits can affect our health. In particular, it has been demonstrated that eating too much junk food can lead to health issues later in life. One sensible suggestion for dealing with this is to improve the level of health education so that we eat better and live longer. My belief though is that this would not completely solve the problem.
One reason why focussing on health education is an appropriate measure is that it addresses one underlying cause of the problem. It is clear that there is a connection between what people know about nutrition and their eating habits. For example, children who have learned in school about the need to have a varied diet with plenty of vitamins tend to eat more healthily. In contrast, people who have not had this education still eat too much junk food and as a result suffer from diabetes and other diseases.
Better health education, however, is not a complete answer as it ignores the wider social factors that cause people to eat unhealthily. For instance, many people eat fast food because they have a lifestyle that means they do not have time to sit down to a proper meal. Again, other people might eat burgers and pizzas because they are seen to be cool and they want to impress their peers.
There would not appear to be any simple way to deal with these social factors. A difficulty is that it is very hard for governments to make a difference to the individual choices people make. It might help, however, to ban advertisements for unhealthy foods on television and to require companies to provide proper meal facilities for their employees.
My conclusion is that the government certainly ought to introduce measures to improve the level of health education. However, this probably would not be a perfect solution as it would also be necessary to deal with the other social factors that cause unhealthy eating.
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Dieting can change a person's life for the better or ruin one's health completely.
In today's modernized era, many people are facing with a pressing difficulty such as obesity. Overweight is a serious issue that needs to be addressed and individuals are of the view that limit to the amount of food eaten is able to change a person's life for the positive sight and it is the best way of resolving such a fundamental problem.
By and large, there are numerous drawbacks of dieting. Good illustrations of them are anemia, anorexia and gastritis. It is obvious when looking at this examples, that dieting is not the best way to solve the issue of being out of condition. Fitness programmed like brisk walk, jogging and strenuous exercises better tackle with obesity. But there is also something else to consider, doing physical exercises take more time than dieting.
On the other hand, dieting has various benefits, too. Evidence for this is provided by loosing the weight quickly. Being on the diet helps to get into shape faster than any kind of sports facilities.
Nowadays, there are different types of dieting. The important thing is to choose one of them that fits you better and will not harm your organism. You can be either vegetarian or lacto-vegetarian. Choosing the type of dieting fully depends on you. Also, you may just not to eat after 6 p.m. as many people do. This type of limit to amount of food eaten will not cause any damages to body.
To sum up, if you look at both sides of the argument, it is obvious, that dieting can change people's life for the better and keeps fit the body, so that person could feel himself/herself confident without ruining someone's health.
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In many countries today, the eating habits and lifestyles of children are different from those of previous generations.
Some people say this has had a negative effect on their health.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Changes in lifestyle and eating habits are quite normal between generations. Many children nowadays eat food that their parents or grandparents did not. They also do many activities that are different. The view that these changes are not positive for children is widely held, but there is also solid evidence that the general health of children has been influenced, although this is generally not seen until later in life.
While the normal everyday diet of children nowadays may include many items which their grandparents consumed, such as frozen foods, prepackaged foods and other imported foodstuffs, they are not all necessarily unhealthy. Certainly, most children now eat less food which is bought and prepared freshly, some would say this is a direct result of everyone leading a much busier life than in the past, including children.
Another lifestyle factor which can’t be ignored is that of physical activity, or lack of it. Nowadays, many children are not as active as children in the past. Many people blame this on computer and video games and the growth of TV culture. While some people may not consider children playing outside or participating in sports to be very important, there are various health benefits from such activities which carry through to adult life and their health in the future.
A combination of fast-food and lack of physical activity in the early years of life does not bode well for a person’s health in the future. There is now evidence of the consequences of this combination in countries such as the USA where obesity and other conditions related to being overweight and not having a healthy, balanced diet are becoming a burden on the health services, some say even outweighing that of smoking related conditions in terms of the health resources being used to combat such cases.
Personally, I agree with the view that a more sedentary lifestyle and worse eating habits generally produces less healthy children, and subsequently adults. However, not all children are inactive nor consume vast amounts of junk food, however, it has become common enough to impact health services and worry governments.
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– Scientific research into health and diet is unreliable as it so often contradicts itself.
Is this a fair comment ? [SPECIAL KEY WORD]
– How far should medical resources be used to extend life expectancy ? (2011) [SHOULD]
– The key to good health is lifestyle rather than medicine. How far do you agree ? (2010) [COMPARISON] [SPECIAL KEY WORD] [FUNCTIONS] [PROS & CONS]
– Should medical science always seek to prolong life ? [SHOULD] [SPECIAL KEY WORD] [FUNCTIONS] [PROS & CONS]
Censorship Essays
The following essays will provide you and your team with many ideas on the different facets of censorship. Read the following essays carefully and suggest to your team mates on how the essay can be improved to meet the CIE AS Level requirements for General Paper 8001.
At the same time, improve on the mind-map that you and your teammates are working on.
Please provide your frank feedback on how this blog can help to serve learning needs better. If there is any objectionable materials, please inform me soonest possible so that I can take the necessary action/s.
This blog is under "Work in Progress" status.
The Very Best of Luck!
____________________________________________________
At the same time, improve on the mind-map that you and your teammates are working on.
This blog is under "Work in Progress" status.
The Very Best of Luck!
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Censorship: Opinion
- Governments can censor what public sees or reads in the media
- To a certain extent censorship is necessary
- We should use censorship to protect children from violent images
- Some computer games involve killing people or committing crimes
- The Internet also needs to be controlled
- Many websites show pornography and violence
- There should be age limits for websites and computers games
- Parents need to take responsibility for checking what their children watch
- It is impossible for governments to control everything we see
- Video cameras in public places
- The use of CCTV is becoming widespread
- Video cameras have been installed in many public places
- They are supposed to protect us and deter criminals
- Many people think that this surveillance violates our privacy
- The authorities could build databases with our pictures and identities
- We should not be treated like criminals
Some people believe that the internet should be regulated. Others are against any forms of internet censorship. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
The internet gives us access to limitless amounts of information. There is no denying the fact that it exposes us to both ‘good’ and ‘bad’ content. Some people believe that the internet should be regulated and censored. Others disapprove of any kind of censorship because they feel that the internet is a vent through which the oppressed can express their opinion.
Supporters of internet censorship argue that the internet has content that might be inappropriate for certain people. For example, they don’t want children to be exposed to the online terrorist propaganda or pornographic materials. This is indeed a valid point. The internet does host lots of materials that are inappropriate for young children.
However, many people do not regard this argument as legit. In their opinion there are several ways to block inappropriate content. Parental control software is one of them. It is quite effective and allows parents to control the content their children access online. In fact, parents can exercise the best form of control by simply moving the computer to the living room. This way they can keep a tab on their children’s online activities.
Some totalitarian governments use the inappropriate content argument for their benefit. They censor the internet to suppress their opposition. In my opinion, this cannot be tolerated at all. Governments that control the internet are merely demonstrating their inability to manage their affairs. They are afraid of their people and don’t want their opinions to be heard. National security is important but it cannot be at the expense of freedom.
To conclude, I firmly believe that there are no valid grounds for internet censorship. I sincerely hope that governments around the world will understand this and stop censoring the internet.
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Should TV programmes be controlled and shocking or offensive language and scenes be banned or is this censorship?
Television is a modern form of mass entertainment which is accessible to a large section of people, including children, because it is free. TV stations broadcast a large range of programmes, from documentaries and sports to reality and chat shows, in order to satisfy as many viewers as possible, increase the ratings and attract advertisers. Unfotunately, some of these programmes use offensive language and shocking or violent scenes and there is a controversy over the need for tight controls or even banning of such programmes.
A strong argument for broadcast controlling is that children watch TV many hours a day and they may be exposed to inappropriate programmes such as reality shows or violent films. It is well known that children tend to adopt the language they hear and imitate the pictures they see and they may become insulting or violent. Therefore, TV stations should broadcast such programmes when children are in bed. Also, the authorities should impose fines and even prohibit broadcasts in case TV stations break the law. However, another group of people maintain that parents are responsible for what their children should watch on TV. After all, contemporary cartoons often show violence and weapon usage, as well as videogames. According to them, the most dangerous form of mass entertainment is, undoubtedly, the network. Thus, control should be exercised on internet surfing, as well.
Another argument of those in favour of broadcast controlling is that some TV programmes disrespect fundamental institutions such as human dignity or minority groups, reinforcing racism, ethnicity or sexual abuse. On the other hand, it is suggested that freedom of choice and freedom of expression should by no means be restricted. These offensive programmes only show the unpleasant side of reality and this is impossible to ignore.
In my opinion, the truth lies somewhere in the middle. Children should be protected primarily from television influence and this is a matter that should concern both parents and the authorities. In addition, human dignity and freedom are fundamental institutions and both should be secured equally. Thus, I believe that TV programmes should be broadcast freely, unless they offend severely one or more angles of human dignity.
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Do you believe that government should censor the
internet?
It is undoubtedly that internet usage has become crucial nowadays. All people regardless of age, race, and background are using the internet. The world is connecting through the internet for including: running a business, shopping, and even getting education. However, not all the information provided in the internet is suitable for all internet users. Some of them bring disadvantages to the users especially children. The information in the internet is worldwide that all people can access it easily. There is some inappropriate content especially for children in the internet such as pornography, gambling and so on. In addition, users especially students and adults can be cheated if they engage in gambling. Furthermore, the internet provides computer games, which are the young people’s preferences. They tend to spend a couples of hours a day on it. As a result, other important work such as schoolwork and assignments are neglected. However, the internet has become the medium of sharing ideas on educational, social, and environmental issues. Such activities can bring benefits in terms of knowledge as well as the awareness of world issues. The internet also assists users make their lives easier and faster. For example, the banking facilities can help users pay their bills in just a minute without queuing up for almost an hour perhaps. In conclusion, internet information and services have assisted users in their daily life. We should manage it in the right way and do not misuse it. In my point of view, the government should not censor the internet for the people’s sake. On the other hand, the government should ban inappropriate web pages and encourage the knowledgeable ones.
Comments
Word Count: ????
A lot of grammar mistakes and some sentences are difficult to understand and the conclusion contradicts itself. Also there is no discussion of censorship in the text, but it appears in the conclusion.
It is undoubtedly that internet usage has become crucial nowadays. All people regardless of age, race, and background are using the internet. The world is connecting through the internet for including: running a business, shopping, and even getting education. However, not all the information provided in the internet is suitable for all internet users. Some of them bring disadvantages to the users especially children. The information in the internet is worldwide that all people can access it easily. There is some inappropriate content especially for children in the internet such as pornography, gambling and so on. In addition, users especially students and adults can be cheated if they engage in gambling. Furthermore, the internet provides computer games, which are the young people’s preferences. They tend to spend a couples of hours a day on it. As a result, other important work such as schoolwork and assignments are neglected. However, the internet has become the medium of sharing ideas on educational, social, and environmental issues. Such activities can bring benefits in terms of knowledge as well as the awareness of world issues. The internet also assists users make their lives easier and faster. For example, the banking facilities can help users pay their bills in just a minute without queuing up for almost an hour perhaps. In conclusion, internet information and services have assisted users in their daily life. We should manage it in the right way and do not misuse it. In my point of view, the government should not censor the internet for the people’s sake. On the other hand, the government should ban inappropriate web pages and encourage the knowledgeable ones.
Comments
Word Count: ????
A lot of grammar mistakes and some sentences are difficult to understand and the conclusion contradicts itself. Also there is no discussion of censorship in the text, but it appears in the conclusion.
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"Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified."
Censorship is the act of criticizing something publicly because of its nature. On one hand, we are given the freedom of speech and expression and on the other hand, the censor boards that are set up to curb the information or put restrictions over the details meant for public take this freedom away. However, I disagree with the given statement that censorship is hardly ever justified. I believe that though it is undemocratic, censorship is justified as long as it is in general public interest.
We live in a society where people come from different backgrounds, religions, ethnic groups, casts and classes. What is acceptable in one class may not be acceptable to another class. Therefore, if an issue arises which is against the ideals of a particular class, it can arouse public ire. Sometimes this anger can take the shape of hooliganism and riots. Hence, it is best to put restrictions on the issue so that it is not made public. It is only with some checks and controls that all these classes can co-exist in harmony.
For example, when the media handles an issue, it has the freedom of speech and expression. The media persons and reporters have the right to put their point of view across to everyone. However, in the process of reporting any issue, the media also should not hurt the sentiments or feelings of any particular class or of people in general. It is possible that some such pictures are depicted on the television or some comments are published that arouse the anger of people. It is true that these pictures and comments show the reality but they are not in the favour of general peace and harmony. Such truth that can create a mob out of a group of people should be curtailed from being given out in the public by the means of censorship.
Let's take another example. A child can be molded to direction in his tender age. He gets affected by many things that he sees and hears. Therefore, if he is exposed to violent and action packed movies it can have a perverse affect on his mind and eventually on his attitude. In this case, it becomes very important to censor the movies as well as cartoons that depict aggressive behavior for children. While parents have a duty to put restrictions at a personal level, the censor board should keep a general check to restrict the screening of such movies for kids under a certain age group.
The media, writers, leaders as well as youth icons have a great influence on the public. Everything they say or do creates ripples amongst people. They, therefore, have an added responsibility of maintaining peace and harmony in the society. If they do something that is not accepted by people, it can create disturbance and chaos. That is why censorship is required over literary works, movies, and other things involved with these people to keep a check and control their behavior that can affect the public. It is correct that what they do in their life is their personal matter but they are not given the right to hurt the sentiments and feelings of others. It can be argued that censorship is against the right of people to be informed but it is necessary, to a great extent, for the development of a healthy society. It should not be used arbitrarily, but must be practiced at places that can cause harm to the society.
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Censorship is the act of criticizing something publicly because of its nature. On one hand, we are given the freedom of speech and expression and on the other hand, the censor boards that are set up to curb the information or put restrictions over the details meant for public take this freedom away. However, I disagree with the given statement that censorship is hardly ever justified. I believe that though it is undemocratic, censorship is justified as long as it is in general public interest.
We live in a society where people come from different backgrounds, religions, ethnic groups, casts and classes. What is acceptable in one class may not be acceptable to another class. Therefore, if an issue arises which is against the ideals of a particular class, it can arouse public ire. Sometimes this anger can take the shape of hooliganism and riots. Hence, it is best to put restrictions on the issue so that it is not made public. It is only with some checks and controls that all these classes can co-exist in harmony.
For example, when the media handles an issue, it has the freedom of speech and expression. The media persons and reporters have the right to put their point of view across to everyone. However, in the process of reporting any issue, the media also should not hurt the sentiments or feelings of any particular class or of people in general. It is possible that some such pictures are depicted on the television or some comments are published that arouse the anger of people. It is true that these pictures and comments show the reality but they are not in the favour of general peace and harmony. Such truth that can create a mob out of a group of people should be curtailed from being given out in the public by the means of censorship.
Let's take another example. A child can be molded to direction in his tender age. He gets affected by many things that he sees and hears. Therefore, if he is exposed to violent and action packed movies it can have a perverse affect on his mind and eventually on his attitude. In this case, it becomes very important to censor the movies as well as cartoons that depict aggressive behavior for children. While parents have a duty to put restrictions at a personal level, the censor board should keep a general check to restrict the screening of such movies for kids under a certain age group.
The media, writers, leaders as well as youth icons have a great influence on the public. Everything they say or do creates ripples amongst people. They, therefore, have an added responsibility of maintaining peace and harmony in the society. If they do something that is not accepted by people, it can create disturbance and chaos. That is why censorship is required over literary works, movies, and other things involved with these people to keep a check and control their behavior that can affect the public. It is correct that what they do in their life is their personal matter but they are not given the right to hurt the sentiments and feelings of others. It can be argued that censorship is against the right of people to be informed but it is necessary, to a great extent, for the development of a healthy society. It should not be used arbitrarily, but must be practiced at places that can cause harm to the society.
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Censorship is a hindrance to education. Discuss.
Censorship is a broad term. It not only means the censoring of the movies but also that of all kinds of media which can communicate information to people. Such media would include the radio, television, books, magazines, newspapers, journals and so on. All these media can be censored if the government desires to do so. Censoring means hiding some information either by removing it, changing it with a falsified story, or by using some other way that puts people in the darkness about the event concerned.
Censorship means concealing something from the audience. However, that concealment can have both positive and negative impacts upon education. For example, censorship is done over the movies and documentaries to ensure that the content they depict is not offensive to the minors and children. This has positive impact, in fact. Because violence and sexually explicit contents are more likely to have negative consequences upon the children, censorship can be considered positive in this case.
However, sometimes the dictators and authoritative rulers can use the same tool to conceal their misdeeds. This might obscure the reality behind what had actually happened. This can thus, refrain the students from getting the true picture of those personalities who made such misconducts. Consequently, this can alter the lesson that the children learn from such events. This might, in some way, prove as hindrance to the education.
Similarly, censorship can be used to hide the historical events from the public. For example, no one could know for real who assassinated the Late King Birendra of Nepal along with his whole family. Rumours held that his son Dipendra, who himself died in the incident, masterminded the assassination. Other rumours rejected this idea and accused the rebellion party's, the United Communist Party of Nepal (UCPN) Maoist, leaders. Some even blamed that the then King Gyanendra Shah was involved in the incident. However, no one was sure about the real culprit. The public were the ones who were in much chaos and dilemma about the incident all because of the multiple and contradicting hearsays. Whatever the consequences and the events that ensued, the concerned people in the incident were successful to conceal the reality behind this assassination and everyone, at least the public, were kept in the dark about the reality of this incident. Such incidents can hinder people from learning the truth about the incident and thus prove to be the sources of hindrance for the people studying history.
Also censorship can prove to be hindrance to the right of the people to educate themselves about the reality behind haps and mishaps. For example, censorship can be used to control the flow of news and thus deprive people of their right to get true information. China can be a great example of censoring media. It even used to censor the search results provided by the search giant, Google. There was a remarkable controversy regarding this matter when Google once threatened to stop providing search facility citing the reasons that it was getting repeated hack-attempts from Chinese users who wanted to obtain uncensored information. However, it later continued to provide search results when China refused to stop censoring. Google's reason for continuing was the Chinese users would be worse-off if Google stopped its service completely in China.
In the end, the censorship becomes an effective tool to regulate the flow of information if the government can implement it strictly. Some of the times, it serves the purpose of not offending the audience. However, most of the times it helps the authorities to conceal truth which directly attacks a person's right to get the correct information. Therefore, censorship can become a hindrance to education in many cases.
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Censorship is essential to a well-functioning society. Discuss.
The idea behind this essay is to group different types of censorship and evaluate their importance to a “well-functioning” society. Importantly, consider the conflict between maximizing informationand minimizing disruption
[Yes, this is an essay which requires you to balance how much information should be freely available and whether that society is able to cope with that level and content of information without the Government stepping in to regulate.]
Thesis: Based on the potential for the content to cause disruption as well as the capacity of society to accept such content, censorship is necessary to different extents
T1a: Censorship that neuters radical messaging is essential for society’s security
- Following the 2005 London bombings, it was seen as essential for the House of Commons to amend the Terrorism Act to criminalize the dissemination of terrorist publications. This led to the arrest of Samina Malik who was found to have written poems like ‘Lyrical Terrorist’ that glorified terrorist leaders
- [Valid TS]
T1b: Censorship that holds back state secrets from the public and thus possible actors of espionage is essential for society’s security
- The Office of Censorship established by the US during WWII kept the Manhattan Project a secret within and outside of the US so as to prevent espionage and sabotage, leading ultimately to a decisive US victory in the Pacific theatre of war following the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- [Valid TS]
- [However you can refer to the torture programme at Guantanamo Bay that this brutal torture of prisoners should not have been kept secret from the public as the torture techniques were against humanity. In 2014, the Senate Intelligence Committee released a report on the CIA’s interrogation and detention of suspected terrorists in Guantanamo.
T1b ext: Censorship must be temporary and lifted after the threat to security has passed. Not only is there little reason to do otherwise, further, civil disorder and discontent may result.
- President Richard Nixon’s refusal to release the Pentagon Papers (on US political-military involvement in Vietnam) resulted in public discontent that culminated in the New York Times Co. v. United States ruling where the First Amendment constitutional freedom of the press was ultimately preserved
- This should only be done after the information has been considered declassified.
T2: Censorship that limits more dangerous forms of expression is advisable for society’s stability (based on vulnerabilities of society)
- Singapore’s need for social cohesion due to its multicultural makeup demands the censorship of inflammatory remarks against other races. The Sedition Act was called into use to take down Doggiesite.com which contained racist remarks against the Malay community. Similarly, Singapore’s intricate religious composition justified the use of the Sedition Against 21-year-old blogger with the moniker “Char” who posted disparaging caricatures of Jesus Christ
- [Valid]
T3: Censorship that shuts controversial ideas from society is acceptable where society is not ready for such content; this enables society to progress safely. Where these controversial ideas go against the prevailing notions/thoughts/beliefs, then it is better to hold them back
- Censorship allowed Singapore to mature safely in its acceptance of alternative lifestyles. The removal of LGBT material in post-independence Singapore under the Undesirable Publications Act and the Newspaper and Printing Presses Act was congruent with its prevailing conservatism. This has arguably enabled a controlled maturation of our populace today, with its increasing liberalism evident in the recent outcry against NLB’s decision to pulp “And Tango Makes Three”. Further, Singapore’s growing emphasis on LGBT issues extends to its art scene, to the extent that established playwrights like T Sasitharan are criticized for avoiding such issues.
- [The outcome to the NLB saga though, was that the 2 removed children’s books will go into adult section at the library instead of pulping them.]
Antithesis: Censorship, for withholding information from society, should be minimized
AT1: Censorship deprives society of information essential for social and political progress
- Japan pressurises its textbooks publishers to gloss over World War II and wipe out information on Japanese atrocities → Japanese nationalism to the extent that they do not recognise their faults.
- [Valid]
AT2: Censorship can be abused by governments to excessively limit political dissent (to the point of detriment)
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan: Populist but authoritarian Turkish leader who claimed that Twitter was a bad influence on society in 2011 and later sought to ban it. Because it was being used by Feuthullah Gulen’s supporters. During this period he was being increasingly authoritarian and non-consultative. “Destroy traitors to the state” Read Project Syndicate article on populism.
- Kuo Pao Kun: The four-year-long detainment of Kuo Pao Kun under the Internal Security Act for his highly politicised and critical Chinese plays proved more than effective in censoring his dissent, cited as an experience so “sobering” that he never wrote another overtly political play. (And was later awarded the Cultural Medallion)
- Note counter-argument:
- Turkish citizens and other members of government marched in protest against Twitter Ban
- Sufficiently progressive society will reject censorship by governments to the extent that they do not accept it – in this case appears reasonable.
- [Valid]
AT3: Existence and possibility of censorship decries the idea of freedom of expression
If the authorities are able to suppress publications which nobody has seen, it becomes impossible for others to verify whether the suppression was indeed justified; it is a question of time before such an unchecked power is abused to prevent criticism of government. [Valid]
Synthesis
S1: Censorship of political dialogue is essential to a well-functioning government, censorship of non-political dialogue contributes to a well-functioning society. But, whether a well-functioning government results in a well-functioning society cannot be guaranteed.
- Note that even well-functioning governments can abuse censorship to the detriment of society. Censorship may be considered a sort of damnatio memoriae, applied to both people and events such that the most basic facts that inform people of their relative impoverishment, and of gross injustices, are erased from the record. In that sense, censorship maintains an impenetrably placid, idyllic image that belies deeply disturbing undercurrents.
- [Depends on what political dialogue. Not all. And quite unusual to have political dialogue censored. The dialogue should be censored not because it is political but perhaps because it is subversive.]
S2: Different forms of censorship have different effectiveness and thus they are essential to different degrees
- Bans – Never truly effective and circumvention is always possible, as enabled by platforms such as proxy servers and underground networks. Nonetheless, they are arguably essential in symbolising a society’s values.
- China’s ban on pro-democratic content and mention of contentious events in its history like the June Fourth Incident (or better known as the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests).
- Singapore’s 100-site ban on online porn and other questionable sites is a clear example of a ban that is merely symbolic.
- Partial bans – As opposed to complete bans where all content is indiscriminately silenced, partial bans allow users the benefit of retaining access to rest of the information that is not ‘unsafe’
- This is practiced in the censorship of vulgarities in songs aired on the radio (vs banning the song entirely)
- OB markers – Essential in encouraging self-censorship. Note that the hazier the distinction between permissible and unacceptable content, the more effective OB markers are as a form of self-censorship.
- This is particularly effective in the case of Singapore, where the damnation suffered by J. B. Jeyaretnam, Chee Soon Juan and Roy Ngerng are more than sufficient in instilling wariness and posing a deterrence to political dissent.
- But, their haziness also creates more room for abuse – the alleged ‘line’ determined by OB markers has been reported to be drawn after a flare-up, as and when it suits the needs of the government
- Advisory ratings (e.g. R21, M18 etc)- The viewer is given the freedom and responsibility in deciding what he should be allowed to view.
S3: Censorship is reactionary and insulates. While censorship can protect society from harmful information, it does not target the root cause of the problem. Terrorism proliferates unabated even in spite of the active censorship of its ideologies, proof of its failure in addressing the root causes of oppression, of poverty and of implacable resentment. Visibly, censorship is essential but not sufficient for a well-functioning society
[Thesis, Anti-Thesis and Synthesis contain a good selection of examples and excellent language use. If this is your own piece of work, keep it up. If you have obtained this from some other source, you need to see how a different authour’s piece of writing is able to suit your own writing style. Most students trip up when they take a huge leap forward; forcibly introducing material and content which they do not have a good grasp into their own writing, such that the result is that the entire essay looks like a patch work of mediocre and spontaneously brilliant writing. An additional point to consider for this essay is the censorship on sex and violence in media in different societies. This point wasn’t really thoroughly explored in this essay outline. Nonetheless, a very good and detailed outline which deserves an A.]
__________________________________________________
8004, 2014, Oct/Nov Paper 1
12 To what extent is censorship essential in advertising?
Keywords: ‘To what extent’ and ‘censorship’ and ‘essential’ and ‘advertising’.
• Monitor offensive material
• Identify misleading claims (e.g. consumer protection)
• Protect children (e.g. watershed)
• Prevent scams
• Protect health (e.g. smoking)
• Protect vulnerable
• Too much political correctness
• Censorship unnecessary after the watershed
• Nanny state (in a democracy)
• Overstates the actual influence of advertising
• Censorship is at the whim of various prejudices and attitudes
8004, 2014, Oct/Nov Paper 1
12 To what extent is censorship essential in advertising?
Keywords: ‘To what extent’ and ‘censorship’ and ‘essential’ and ‘advertising’.
• Monitor offensive material
• Identify misleading claims (e.g. consumer protection)
• Protect children (e.g. watershed)
• Prevent scams
• Protect health (e.g. smoking)
• Protect vulnerable
• Too much political correctness
• Censorship unnecessary after the watershed
• Nanny state (in a democracy)
• Overstates the actual influence of advertising
• Censorship is at the whim of various prejudices and attitudes
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